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曹征路丨《那儿》

推荐理由

曹征路《那儿》又名《英特纳雄那儿》，原载2004年《当代》第4期，“英特纳雄那儿”（Internationale）在《国际歌》中指国际共产主义的理想。

中篇小说《那儿》像是一曲悲壮的革命英雄曲，记录了2004年前不久在全国比较普遍的国企第一次改制，由大资本购买或参股，利益向管理层倾斜，因而改革中遇到了极大的阻力，后采取了新的改革模式。父母那一代人，不争名求利、平平淡淡了一辈子，在改革中像闪电一般被击中，最终被迫下岗或者买断。小说基本上以此为背景，通过下岗女工杜月梅的苦难引出了悲剧英雄人物朱卫国。小说很少正面描述下岗职工的窘迫，不写悲情，而是通过朱卫国的一次次抗争来描写职工的无力与沉默。好狗罗蒂在故事里起了一些隐喻作用，它隐喻的是人性中的良心、忠诚、坚贞等，同时又预示了朱卫国最后的命运。

曹征路的《那儿》，是一种共鸣，是一个时代现实主义的震撼，用艺术的笔触揭示现实，是一种嘶喊，却又无力。他更加关注那些“沉默的大多数”，用文学手段描绘了一个有正义感的工会主席设身处地从底层阶级触发改革的路线和影响，力图阻止企业改制中的国有资产流失，因失败而最后自杀身亡的故事。

Reviews

Cao Zhenglu’s Nale, also called Internationale, was originally published in the No.4 issue of Dangdai Bimonthly in 2004. It is named after the song Internationale that refers to the global aspiration of communist ideals.

The novella Nale resembles a solemn and stirring revolutionary heroic song. It records the relatively widespread first change of state-owned enterprises across the country that happened shortly before 2004. The reform was made by monopolist purchases and shares activity that predominantly benefited those at the management level. This new model was adopted after previous attempts at reform were met with great resistance. The generation of “my” parents sought neither fame nor profit; instead, they sought to live ordinary lives. During the reform period, it was as if they were struck by lightning, with many ultimately being made redundant or having to sell their shares. These social circumstances are the foundation for the novella’s plot that tells of how the sufferings of a laid-off female worker, Du Yuemei, inspires Zhu Weiguo to become the hero in the tragedy. The novella scarcely directly describes the penury of the laid-off workers by writing their sorrow and sadness. Instead, it uses its depictions of each of Zhu Weiguo’s efforts at resistance to outline the workers’ powerlessness and silence. The good dog Luodi takes on metaphorical functions within the story. He is a metaphor for the conscience, loyalty, and steadfastness of human nature and at the same time foretells Zhu Weiguo’s final fate.

Cao Zhenglu’s Nale is the resonating shock of an era of realism. His use of artistic penmanship to reveal reality is a shout, and it is a powerless one. It focuses primarily on the “silent masses.” He uses literary techniques to portray a labor union chairperson with a sense of righteousness who attempts to obstruct shifts in Chinese enterprise from causing capital erosion and the failing of business. It is a story ultimately of suicide. It is an account of the lower class of how they experience the reform and the effect it has on them.

作家简介

Author Profile

曹征路，男，江苏阜宁人，1949年9月生于上海，插过队，当过兵，做过工人和机关干部，中国作协会员，现执教于深圳大学。

著有短篇小说集《开端》《山鬼》；中篇小说集《只要你还在走》《我的第二个父亲》《那儿》（又名《英特纳雄那儿》）《曹征路中篇小说精选》《霓虹》；长篇小说《反贪指南》《非典型黑马》；长篇报告文学《伏魔记》；理论专著《新时期小说艺术流变》；电影《风儿轻轻吹》《我心也浪漫》；视剧《坠落的树叶》《组织部又来了年轻人》；及十余部电视片，凡三百万言。作品多次收入当年的中国各类年度最佳小说选本，省级文学奖、刊物奖多次。小说《那儿》获《首届北京文学·小说月报》奖，获广东省第七届鲁迅文学艺术奖。小说《天堂》获2003-2006《小说选刊》奖。电视剧剧本《坠落的树叶》(已录制播出)获1985年江苏省优秀剧作奖。

曹征路是一个严肃的现实主义作家，他将对于生活的观察融入笔端，他的作品勇于反映严肃的社会现实问题，语言风格平实，富有强烈的人文关怀和悲悯情怀，被称为"底层文学"。

Cao Zhenglu is an author from Funing, Jiangsu Province. He was born in Shanghai in September 1949. He has worked in a production brigade in the countryside during the Cultural Revolution, served as a soldier, worker and government official. He is member of the Chinese Writers Association, and is currently teaching at Shenzhen University.

His list of works includes the short story collections Beginnings and Mountain Ghost. His novella collections include As Long As You’re Still Walking, My Second Father, Nale (also called Internationale), Selected Novellas of Cao Zhenglu, and Neon. His novels include Anti-corruption Instructions and Not Your Average Dark Horse. He has also published the Non-fiction novel Notes on a Monster Tamed and the theoretical study The Development of New Era Novel Art, as well as released the films The Wind Lightly Blows and I Am Also Romantic, and the TV dramas Fallen Leaves and The Young Have Come to the Organization Department Again. He has also been involved in the writing of more than ten other TV dramas. All these works combined total more than 3 million words.

On several occasions, his works have been included in different kinds of best novel collections and have won provincial-level prizes and other awards. His novel Nale received the First Beijing Literature and Fiction Monthly prize and the 7th Lu Xun Literature and Art Prize awarded by Guangdong Province. His short story Heaven won the Selected Fiction Award for the years 2003-2006. Moreover, his script for the TV drama Fallen Leaves (which had already been filmed and broadcast) received the Jiangsu Provincial Prize for Excellent Dramas in 1985.

Cao Zhenglu is a solemn writer of realism who fills his writings with his observations on life. His works dare to reflect the serious real-life issues of society. The simple and unadorned style of language and intense feelings of human concern and compassion which his writings are rich in have led them to be called “Grassroot Literature.”

中文概要

Synopsis

单身的下岗女工杜月梅，迫于要为动手术的女儿凑钱，晚上到街头站街拉客，回家走到巷口被一条小狗追咬吓瘫在地上。这条狗的主人是杜月梅当工人时的师傅,我小舅朱卫国的女儿，对于杜月梅有特殊感情的小舅陷入深思，他背着女儿把狗送到几百里地之外放生了。小舅因为手艺精湛，被评为矿山机械厂工会主席，生活安定滋润。但是，国营企业不景气，几千工人生活得不到保障，为了工厂和工人的利益，加上杜月梅事件的刺激，热心肠的小舅决定向上边反应情况，于是他走上了为底层工人而上访之路，一次又一次地为了工厂未来去发动集资和买股权，然而他的努力却落得无人理睬与理解。而后，在杜月梅的激励之下，工人们终于认识了严峻的现状，他发动全厂工人，将每家每户仅有的资产――住房证抵押到银行，要集体购买工厂的股份，取得工厂的控股权，本来有可能力挽狂澜，作一次最后的斗争，他的拼力一搏，却又再一次被权势人物化解于无形。工厂终于卖掉了，让他百口莫辩的是，因为工会主席也属于工厂管理层，他居然得到了比普通工人要高出许多的股份。这大大违背了他的初衷，但他再一次充当了众多工人的出卖者和从中得利者，却是让他无法接受又无法否认的现实，最终小舅自己砸死了自己，他为自己选择了一种最好的方式。躺在空气锤下，怀里抱着脚踏开关……

Du Yuemei is a single, laid-off woman. When trying to raise money for her daughter’s surgery, she is forced to solicit customers on the streets at night. One day, when returning home via an alleyway, she is chased by a dog and left paralyzed on the ground. The dog’s owner is my younger uncle Zhu Weiguo’s daughter. Zhu Weiguo was Du Yuemei’s master when she started working as an apprentice. He has special affections for Du Yuemei. Thus, on discovering her situation, he falls into a deep state of rumination. Without his daughter’s knowledge, he takes her dog to a place a few hundred miles away and sets it free.

Because my younger uncle is outstanding at his craft, he is selected to be the chairperson for the labor union of the mining machinery plant. His life is stable and comfortable. At that time, the state-owned industry is in a slump and several thousand workers find themselves with no stability in their work. In the interests of the factory and its workers, and galvanized by Du Yuemei’s incident, my warmhearted uncle decides to report their situation to the people at management level. With this, he begins his pursuit of an audience with management, speaking as a representative for those at the bottom of the company ladder. He repeatedly raises funds and purchases stocks for the future maintenance of the factory, but despite his efforts he finds himself ignored and misunderstood.

Afterward, with the encouragement of Du Yuemei, the workers finally recognize their grim situation. He mobilizes them into action, and each one begins to gather their household and family assets. They provide this to the bank in an attempt to buy all the shares of the factory and gain control of the factory’s stock rights. Although they are always swimming against the current, the task is manageable at first. However, a final battle into which they pour all their efforts ends with their attempts being ultimately blocked by powerful figures and coming to nothing. The factory is finally sold off. As chairman of the labor union, and thus a member of the factory’s management, Zhu Weiguo finds himself being given far more share of the stock than the average worker – a situation he struggles to justify. In every way, this runs counter to his original aspiration. But, once again, he is doomed to play the role of traitor to many of the workers and a beneficiary of the stock. He finds this reality both totally unacceptable and completely undeniable. Finally, my uncle crushes himself to death. He chooses the best method for himself – lying on the ground beneath the pneumatic hammer, he pushes on the pedal to activate it.